Evolution of Microstrip Antenna for Conformal Application
Anurag , Singh
Evolution of Microstrip Antenna for Conformal Application
Anurag , Singh
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English
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Description
Antenna plays an integral and very essential function in advance wirelesscommunication networks. It is a tool that couples the transmitter to the receiver. It is adevice for receiving or radiating the radio waves. Nowadays the market for an antennawith the conformal operation is increasing. It has therefore attracted many researchers tostudy advanced antenna types. Microstrip patch antenna has many advantages andexcellent functionality compared to traditional antennas. The microstrip patch antenna isvery effective and useful in its geometrical shapes and functional applications. There arenumerous antenna types, such as aperture, loop, lens, reflector, and microstrip patchantenna (MSA), etc. One of the most flexible and conformal antenna in between them isthe microstrip patch antenna. The layout and fabrication of the microstrip conformalantenna is very simple. In communication system, an antenna is a transducer device that converts theelectrical energy in to radio electromagnetic wave and vice versa and it treated as radiowave transmitter and receiver. According to IEEE standard "an Antenna means thetransmission and reception of radio waves. The antenna is categories on the basis of their geometry and their applications. Each antenna has different characteristics and can be used for different applications.Generally a microstrip patch antenna exhibits the gain near 5 dB and -3dB half powerbeam-width (HPBW) around 70° and 90° in vertical (E) and horizontal (H) planerespectively. The Commonly used patch structures are rectangle, ellipse, triangle, ringand disk.All wireless communication systems require antennas which are miniature in size,light weight, and easy to install. Kumar and Ray focus on the demand ofcommunication systems in the commercial sector is to evolve low profile antennas thatare cost-effective, light weight, and capable to handling the wide frequency range in theadvance communication system. The developments of microstrip patch antennas(MSA)fulfill these requirements and exhibits several advantages in compare to other antennasand it have several potential application in medical, satellite communication, mobilesystems, broadcast radio and military systems like as Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),rockets, aircrafts, missiles, GPS system etc. MSA are lightweight, cost-effective andsimple in fabrication and also they can be fit (conform) to any geometry (planar andnon-planar).