Selective Studies of Industrial Effluents for the Betterment of Mankind
Digvijay Singh , Chauhan
Selective Studies of Industrial Effluents for the Betterment of Mankind
Digvijay Singh , Chauhan
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Description
Manufacturing industries are engaged in transforming raw material into finished productswhich can be consumer or producer goods e.g. chemical, textile, paper and pulp, food,metal industry, etc. The manufacturing units play an important role in the process ofeconomic development of a country by supplying the goods and materials to consumersand enhance the economic welfare of citizens.Though the main occupation of the bulk of the Indian population has been agriculture,recently India is moving towards rapid industrialization. The number of industries hasincreased manifold in the last few decades and almost all types of manufacturing plantsare existing or are being set up in different geographical areas of the country. Here, about7500 large scale and a very large number of small and medium enterprises (SME's) are inoperation. The Small and Medium Scale Industries are the backbone of the Indianeconomy. There are 3 million SMEs in the country as against a mere 2000 industries inthe large scale sector. The SMEs spread over an area of 3.28 million sq. km account forover 40% of the industrial production and 30% of the country's export. Small scaleindustries are discussed all over the states and they satisfy local demand. Thus, they playa critical role in the development of those regions. SSI has been very helpful in thegeneration of revenue mainly through the export of goods and addressing problems suchas employment and at the same time, it has raised the socio-economic condition ofpeople. Madhya Pradesh has fifty-two districts but the industrial development is in hardly20 % of the total.Industrialization generally refers to the growth of large, medium, and small scaleindustries. Indeed, backward areas cannot support large scale industries in large numbersbecause they do not consider necessary backward and forward linkages for theirdevelopment. Here the medium and small scale enterprises are ideally suited to theseareas in terms of flexibility.Effluent defined by the United States Environmental ProtectionAgency as "treated or untreated wastewater that flows out of a treatment plant, sewer, orindustrial outfall"73. The industrial effluent is specific and particular to industry, eachhaving its undesirable waste constituents. Generally, Industrial effluent can be dividedinto Organic Industrial effluent and Inorganic Industrial effluent.Organic Industrial effluents contain Organic Industrial waste flow from those chemicalindustries and large scale chemical works, which mainly use organic substances forchemical reactions or operations