Progress in technology has led to the setting of new records in every area, whether it isrelated to health, defense, education, or industry. If we look into technology andengineering, it is developing in each sector and significantly impacted development. In thesame way, we can see growth in the communication field, too, which has many applicationssuch as security and surveillance, environmental monitoring, industrial applications,transportation & logistics, smart buildings, smart grids & energy control systems, healthcare, as well as a wireless sensor network. A wireless sensor is a network of sensorsconnected wirelessly. This technology is beneficial as it does not require any wires to belaid for communication, and also, there is no strict rule for deploying sensors. The sensorscan be deployed in any area which has to be sensed through three main types: It can eitherbe 1) uneven sensor deployment, 2) trigonous sensor deployment, and 3) quadrangle sensordeployment. It has been observed that this technology requires some development, so workneeds to be done to improve its credibility. So before starting, it is to be known in what wayit requires improvement; to find this, an extensive study of the past works is needed. We allknow power is the heart of every technology nowadays; after losing the whole control,technology shuts down; similarly, sensors in a wireless sensor network are battery operatedas battery discharged sensor or nodes becomes dead or does not remain a part of the system.So, to make the sensor battery last longer, work towards this is needed, and also, it isrequired to find where the network uses most of the energy and how it can be saved. Thispreliminary plan then becomes the aim of this thesis. While studying past works, it is foundthat mainly energy is consumed while sending the data to the base station; if each sensorcommunicates with the base station for sharing data, then sensors' battery drains, and thenetwork becomes dead early. After this, a way is needed that all sensors do not send data;only one sensor sends data after taking it from other sensors, then clustering came intoexistence. In a wireless sensor network (WSN), clustering is a set of nodes in one of thenodes becoming a cluster head. The cluster head selects three-nodes that localize therunning object and compute the information and forward it the cluster head. Cluster headsthe information forwards to the sink node or base station .To incorporate clustering LEACH is introduced, LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy) is the essential work done in this direction. It is the best way of energy conservation by clustering . In this book,the work done in the past will be compared with the proposed algorithm. This gives thebasic concept or algorithm for reducing energy consumption. , it is used in tracking amoving object by enhancing it and introducing a few more algorithms to increase thenetwork's lifetime during the tracking of moving objects. Before going deep into thetechnology, it is required to know a few more about unwired sensor networks. The unwiredsensor network is a combination of a highly distributed group of battery-powered lightweightnodes deployed in large numbers to monitor the environment or system