Whereas their union of 1814 offered Sweden-Norway geostrategic security tempered by fear of Russia, Denmark was the biggest territorial loser of the Napoleonic Wars and faced separatism connected to German nationalism in the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.
Rasmus Glenthøj is Associate Professor of History at the University of Southern Denmark.
Morten Nordhagen Ottosen is Professor of History at the Norwegian Defence University College.